What role do antioxidants play in nutrition?

Antioxidants play a crucial role in nutrition by protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cellular structures, leading to a range of health issues, including inflammation and chronic diseases. Antioxidants neutralize these free radicals, thereby mitigating their harmful effects and contributing to overall health. This protective mechanism is vital for maintaining cellular integrity and supporting the body's defense against oxidative stress, which is implicated in aging and various diseases.

In contrast, the other options relate to different nutritional factors and do not pertain directly to the function of antioxidants. Increasing blood sugar levels is primarily associated with carbohydrates, while the role of serving as a primary energy source is typically related to macronutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Enhancing protein synthesis is mainly influenced by amino acids and overall protein intake rather than the action of antioxidants. Thus, the correct choice highlights the protective function of antioxidants in promoting cellular health and preventing oxidative damage.