What role does zinc play in human health?

Zinc plays a critical role in various physiological functions, most notably in immune function and wound healing. It is a trace mineral that is essential for the proper functioning of immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, which are crucial in the body's defense against pathogens. A deficiency in zinc can significantly weaken the immune response, making individuals more susceptible to infections.

Furthermore, zinc is vital in the process of wound healing. It is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions necessary for cell division and growth, the repair of tissue, and the synthesis of proteins that are important for healing. Without sufficient zinc, the body may experience delayed wound healing and increased inflammation.

While zinc does support some aspects of energy metabolism and is involved in insulin production, its most prominent and well-researched roles pertain to immune health and repair processes. Additionally, the fact that zinc is only needed in small amounts reflects its classification as a trace element, but this does not diminish its importance, as even small deficiencies can lead to notable health issues.